An elliptical trainer, also known as a cross-trainer or elliptical machine, is a stationary exercise machine that simulates walking, running, or climbing stairs with minimal impact on the joints. Here's how an elliptical works:
Pedals and Handles:
The elliptical machine typically has two large pedals that you place your feet on. Some machines also have moving handles that you can hold onto while exercising.
Circular Motion:
When you start using the elliptical, your feet move in a circular or elliptical (oval) motion. This motion is designed to mimic the natural movement of walking, jogging, or running.
Resistance Mechanism:
Elliptical trainers usually have a resistance mechanism that you can adjust. This mechanism can be magnetic, electromagnetic, or based on friction. Increasing the resistance makes it harder to pedal, providing a more challenging workout.
Flywheel:
Elliptical machines have a flywheel, which is a weighted wheel that rotates as you pedal. The flywheel helps to create a smooth and continuous motion.
Drive System:
The pedals are connected to the flywheel through a drive system, which can be either a front-drive or rear-drive system. Front-drive ellipticals have the flywheel located at the front of the machine, while rear-drive ellipticals have it at the back.
Console:
The machine usually comes with a console that displays information such as time, distance, speed, and calories burned. Some advanced models may also have heart rate monitors, pre-programmed workouts, and other features.
Low Impact:
One of the key advantages of elliptical trainers is that they provide a low-impact workout. Unlike running on a treadmill or jogging on a hard surface, elliptical machines reduce stress on the joints, making them suitable for individuals with joint issues or those recovering from injuries.
Dual-Action:
Some elliptical machines have dual-action handles that move back and forth along with the pedal motion. This engages both the upper and lower body, providing a full-body workout.
In summary, elliptical trainers work by creating a smooth, elliptical motion for your feet, allowing you to engage in aerobic exercise with minimal impact on your joints. Adjusting the resistance level and incorporating upper body movements can help tailor the workout to your fitness goals.